In this new report, from the author of the widely discussed paper ‘The Beijing Consensus’, Ramo argues that China’s national image, and the misalignment between China’s image of itself and how it is viewed by the rest of the world, may be its greatest strategic threat. It argues that alongside its other reforms, China needs a ‘fifth transition’ if the trust and understanding necessary for the next stage of its development are to be achieved.

This paper has been kindly supported by Hill & Knowlton.